Zoos of the World

Explore all 1112 zoos across 98 countries, with opening hours, ticket prices and accreditation for each one.

1112 listed 98 countries

A Brief History of Public Zoos

For most of history, a collection of wild animals was private property, and its purpose was power. The journey from a monarch's trophy to a public institution took roughly three centuries.

The first zoos were royal show-pieces

The oldest zoo still operating, Tiergarten Schönbrunn in Vienna, opened in 1752 as an imperial menagerie — thirteen enclosures radiating from a pavilion where the Habsburgs ate breakfast and watched. The public wasn't let in until 1779, and then only on Sundays, and only if dressed with decorum.

The Revolution made animals public property

Paris settled the question less politely. The Revolution nationalised the royal gardens in 1793, and the surviving animals of Versailles — spared after a naturalist argued that killing them would be a crime against science — were carted to the Jardin des Plantes as public property.

London took the slowest route — and gave us the word “zoo”

The Zoological Society opened its Regent's Park gardens in 1828 for its Fellows to study, and didn't admit paying visitors until 1847. Even the name came from outside: “zoo” was a clipping the Society never chose, carried into common use by a music-hall song. When the Tower of London's six-hundred-year-old royal menagerie was wound up after George IV died, its animals went to Regent's Park too — a crown's private spectacle emptied into a public institution.

One man designed the modern zoo — after testing it on people

What a visit looks like was settled largely by Carl Hagenbeck, the Hamburg dealer who supplied much of Europe's early zoo stock. In 1896 he patented a system of hidden moats and artificial rock that made bars unnecessary, and built it at scale at his Tierpark outside Hamburg in 1907. Most enclosures since descend from it.

He had tried the technique on people first. Hagenbeck was among Europe's most successful promoters of ethnographic shows, and the immersive “native village” came before the naturalistic habitat. The same trade put Ota Benga, a Congolese man, in the Bronx Zoo's monkey house in 1906, where he stayed until Black ministers forced the exhibit shut.

Conservation became the point — then the law

What these places are for has been contested ever since, and the answer has slowly hardened into law. Jersey Zoo was founded on conservation in 1959; American zoos began coordinating breeding across institutions in 1981; the Arabian oryx, extinct in the wild by 1972, was bred back from zoo stock and returned to the desert. Since the European Zoos Directive of 1999, conservation is not an aspiration but a condition of the licence — a collection that does not do it is not, legally, a zoo.